The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a voluntary organization through which the nation's colleges and universities govern their athletics programs. It comprises more than 1,250 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals committed to the interests, education and athletics participation of student-athletes. The members of the association are divided into five categories: active colleges and universities, provisional colleges and universities, conferences, affiliated organizations and corresponding members. The active member schools self-determine which of three divisions they will be classified in and must annually meet membership criteria for that division. The active member institutions and voting conferences are the ultimate voice in all decisions. The National Collegiate Athletic Association was formed in 1905 as a national response to the rugged nature of football.